Members in the Populus genus[7,10]. Even so, the chemical composition of A. mellifera propolis has been located to be really difficult with greater than 300 identified compounds, for instance polyphenols, phenolic aldehydes, sesquiterpene quinones, coumarins, amino acids, steroids and inorganic compounds, and to differ depending on the collecting location, time and plant source[4]. In contrast to A. mellifera propolis, the propolis from Tetragonula carbonaria, a stingless bee native to Australia, contained various isomers of pimaric acid and gallic acid as its principal components[11,12]. Also, it was reported that eucalypt resin, particularly that from Corymbia torelliana, shaped the chemical constituents within this stingless bee propolis[12]. Besides A. mellifera propolis, Sawaya et al. reported the antioxidant activity of propolis from 3 stingless species[13], which had been Scaptotrigona spp., Scaptotrigona depilis and Scaptotrigona bipunctata. Samples had been collected month-to-month over a one-year period. Scaptotrigona spp. propolis was collected in the northeastern region of Brazil, when the rest was collected in the southeastern region in the country. Employing the 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl free of charge radical scavenging strategy (DPPH), the composition of your samples as well as the antioxidant activity was assayed and discovered to differ according to the bee species, geographic area and month of collection. Recently, nine species of stingless bees had been recorded inside the Mulawarman University Botanical Garden, Samarinda, Indonesia [Trigona apicalis (T. apicalis), Trigona drescheri, Trigona fuscibasis (T. fuscibasis), Trigona fuscobalteata ( T. fuscobalteata ) , Trigona incisa ( T. incisa ) , Trigona itama, Trigona laeviceps, Trigona melina and Trigona terminate][14]. Thirty nine plant species from 13 familiesPaula M. Kustiawan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; four(7): 549-were reported to act as their pollen source, whilst 22 plant species from 17 households belonging to forest plants and crops have been reported to act as their nectar source[14]. The solutions of these stingless bees have been honey (15.4 ), beebread (20.9 ) and propolis (63.7 ). T he existence of stingless bees inside the M ulawarman University Botanical Garden is most likely to become essential with regards to the economics and ecology in the region, considering that these bees are necessary in pollination and can also make beneficial bee solutions that may be harvested and applied in meals products. On the other hand, no study on the bioactivities of products from stingless bees within this area has been reported, yet it really is probably to be of interest given that the biological activities of propolis can vary greatly across distinct phytogeographical areas, time periods [4], and within exactly the same area.Narciclasine medchemexpress Furthermore, the bioactivity of bee goods from different races or species of bees also can be distinct.PMID:24957087 For instance, the propolis of Apis mellifera caucasica, Apis mellifera anatolica and Apis mellifera carnica collected in the similar apiary in East Anatolia contained diverse chemical compositions and had distinctive antimicrobial activities[15]. Therefore, in this analysis, the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the propolis, bee pollen and honey from four stingless bees collected from within the same area (Mulawarman University Botanical Garden, Samarinda, Indonesia) was evaluated. Crude methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of these bee goods were ready and tested for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines. Moreover,.