Mited to alternans. oscillations exhibited the reverse from the price dependence
Mited to alternans. Oscillations exhibited the reverse in the rate dependence observed in models making use of the original RyR formulation, with bigger oscillations at longer CL. APD oscillations in these models had been diminished as in comparison to the original models (see Fig. 1), and both APD and CaT oscillations were attenuated in tissue. (TIF) S1 TextVoltage and Ca2 odd beat clamps for the single-cell cAFalt model. Traces of transmembrane possible (Vm, row 1), intracellular Ca2 ([Ca2]i, row two), and SR Ca2 ([Ca2]SR, row 3) from two consecutive beats are superimposed to show alternans among even (red) and odd (blue) beats. Column 1: the unclamped cAFalt cell paced to steady state at 400-ms CL displayed alternans in Vm and Ca2. The blue traces depicted in column 1 have been utilised to clamp Vm (column 2), [Ca2]i (column 3), or [Ca2]SR (column four). Alternans persisted when Vm or [Ca2]i was clamped, but clamping [Ca2]SR eliminated alternans. (TIF)S4 FigureSR Ca2 release parameter even beat clamps for the single-cell cAFalt model. Traces of transmembrane possible (Vm, row 1), intracellular Ca2 ([Ca2]i, row 2), and SR Ca2 ([Ca2]SR, row 3) from two consecutive beats are superimposed to show alternans among even (red) and odd (blue) beats. Traces from the even beat at 400-ms CL pacing have been utilised to clamp the relevant variable and are shown in row four. Clamping RyR inactivated probability (RyRi, column 1), RyR open probability (RyRo, column two), CYP1 web junctional Ca2 ([Ca2]j, column three), or SR Ca2 release flux (JSRCarel, column 4) eliminated alternans in Vm and Ca2. (TIF)S5 FigureSR Ca2 release parameter odd beat clamps for the single-cell cAFalt model. Traces of transmembrane possible (Vm, row 1), intracellular Ca2 ([Ca2]i, row 2), and SR Ca2 ([Ca2]SR, row three) from two consecutive beats are superimposed to show alternans involving even (red) and odd (blue) beats. Traces from the odd beat at 400-ms CL pacing had been used to clamp the relevant variable and are shown in row four. Clamping RyR inactivated probability (RyRi, column 1), RyR open probability (RyRo, column two), junctional Ca2 ([Ca2]j, column three), or SR Ca2 release flux (JSRCarel, column four) eliminated alternans in Vm and Ca2. (TIF)S6 Figure S7 Figure Sub-sarcolemmal parameter clamps for the single-cell cAFalt model. Traces of transmembrane potential (Vm, row 1), intracellular Ca2 ([Ca2]i, row 2), and SR Ca2 ([Ca2]SR, row 3) from two consecutive beats are superimposed to show alternans amongst even (red) and odd (blue) beats. Traces in the even or odd beat at 400-ms CL pacing had been utilised to clamp the relevant variable and are shown in row four. Clamping sub-sarcolemmal Ca2 ([Ca2]sl) towards the even beat (column 1) eliminated alternans in Vm and Ca2, but clamping [Ca2]sl to the odd beat (column 2) developed tiny alternans in Vm and [Ca2]i and big alternans in [Ca2]SR. Clamping sub-sarcolemmal Na Ca2 exchanger present (INCXsl) towards the even beat (column three) eliminated alternans in APD but created significant alternans inSupplemental approaches. Supplemental equations.(PDF)S2 Text(PDF)Author ContributionsConceived and designed the experiments: KCC JDB NAT. Performed the experiments: KCC. Analyzed the information: KCC. Contributed reagents materialsanalysis tools: KCC JDB. Wrote the paper: KCC NAT.PLOS Computational Biology | ploscompbiol.orgCalcium Release and Atrial Alternans Connected with Human AF
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